"Fort Oberer Kuhberg", built in 1850 as a part of the massive Federal Fortifications of Ulm (“Bundesfestung Ulm”), was used by the NS-regime as a concentration camp from November 1933 until July 1935. In it, more than 600 political and ideological opponents to the NS-regime from the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern were incarcerated.

Among them was Kurt Schumacher, who subsequently refounded the SPD in Germany.

The concentration camp in Ulm was not an extermination camp. However, it was the beginning of a development that ended in Auschwitz.

The former concentration camp is now a memorial site. In 1994, it was distinguished by the Government of Tübingen as an “exemplary museum of local history”. The underground cells in which the prisoners were housed, the open (exercise) yard, Kurt Schumacher’s cell and the commandant’s offices can be visited.